When we observe the four generations of war, we realize that the evolution of technology influences and changes the form of conflicts. This technological evolution also depends on the nature of conflicts, whose great characteristic today is fragmentation. During the Cold War there were two main models. The war that [ … ]
This article was originally published in the Military Review magazine, English edition (November-December 2019). The title of this article is derived from the final “commandment” mandated by the self-appointed leaders of a group of revolutionist animals depicted in George Orwell’s Animal Farm, published in 1945. The allegory is a morality [ … ]
Abstract This research article is developed from the study of the educational system of the Military Forces, within the framework of the guidelines issued by the Ministry of National Defense (MDN) since 2007, through the Strategic Plan of the Educational System (PESE), established the educational policies to improve in all [ … ]
Summary: This article presents the most updated information on the impact of the COVID19 pandemic on the commercial, political and military hegemony that Colombia exercises in the sub-region of the ALBA Countries. For this purpose, a qualitative method was used to describe the way in which this pandemic is affecting [ … ]
Abstract The objective of this article is to show how the environment should be considered by the State as a national interest that deserves its protection, thus sustaining environmental damage as a new threat that must be appropriately mitigated by the State. Therefore, the thematic guidelines that will be developed [ … ]
This report was made possible by general support to CSIS. No external funding contributed to this report. The strategic environment of Latin America is in the early phases of a profound, negative transformation reflecting the combined effects of three of the most powerful global forces of our era: (1) [ … ]
Summary: This article addresses issues related to the historical and normative background of environmental law, the international regulatory framework, the background of environmental legislation in Colombia and the precautionary principle in environmental law, how this normativity is being developed by legislations worldwide and in the different branches of law, among [ … ]
Uruguay, like many countries in Latin America, has deepened its relationship with China in recent years. Unlike in neighboring countries, however, Uruguay’s strong institutions and interest in maintaining a relationship with the U.S. have tempered its newfound friendship with Beijing. Under the government of Luis Lacalle Pou, the country has [ … ]
Introduction When President Danilo Medina of the Dominican Republic announced in May 2018 that his government would recognize the People’s Republic of China (PRC), abandoning the Dominican Republic’s longstanding diplomatic commitment to Taiwan, alarm bells sounded in Washington, D.C. Panama had recognized the PRC only one year earlier, while El [ … ]
Summary This research is framed in the context of the acceptance of Colombia as "Partnership Across the Globe" by the NATO Council, which represents the ninth global partner of NATO and the only country in America to achieve such a relevant status. However, beyond this significant event, little is openly [ … ]
Summary Every day it is more common to hear the term Artificial Intelligence in different aspects of human life and it is normal to imagine that it is a new concept, which is a mistake. This concept has been developing for many years and looking for a place in the [ … ]
Abstract. This paper examines Chinese commercial, political, and security engagement with Latin America and the Caribbean, comparing it with similar engagement in Europe. It finds evidence that PRC engagement globally is driven by a strategy focused on re-orienting the world to the economic benefit of the PRC, with nonetheless important [ … ]
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