Uruguay, like many countries in Latin America, has deepened its relationship with China in recent years. Unlike in neighboring countries, however, Uruguay’s strong institutions and interest in maintaining a relationship with the U.S. have tempered its newfound friendship with Beijing. Under the government of Luis Lacalle Pou, the country has [ … ]
Academia


Chinese engagement in the Dominican Republic: An update
Introduction When President Danilo Medina of the Dominican Republic announced in May 2018 that his government would recognize the People’s Republic of China (PRC), abandoning the Dominican Republic’s longstanding diplomatic commitment to Taiwan, alarm bells sounded in Washington, D.C. Panama had recognized the PRC only one year earlier, while El [ … ]

Distinctive Capabilities of the FAC as a Deterrence Element in the Framework of Cooperation with NATO
Summary This research is framed in the context of the acceptance of Colombia as "Partnership Across the Globe" by the NATO Council, which represents the ninth global partner of NATO and the only country in America to achieve such a relevant status. However, beyond this significant event, little is openly [ … ]

Artificial Intelligence in the International Military Context and its Potential Applications in the Colombian National Army
Summary Every day it is more common to hear the term Artificial Intelligence in different aspects of human life and it is normal to imagine that it is a new concept, which is a mistake. This concept has been developing for many years and looking for a place in the [ … ]

Chinese engagement in Latin America and Europe: Comparisons and Interdependencies
Abstract. This paper examines Chinese commercial, political, and security engagement with Latin America and the Caribbean, comparing it with similar engagement in Europe. It finds evidence that PRC engagement globally is driven by a strategy focused on re-orienting the world to the economic benefit of the PRC, with nonetheless important [ … ]

The impact of ethics on technology in 21st century conflicts
The scientific study to identify the new challenges to security forces and the most appropriate responses to each of them needs to start with a geopolitical analysis. The scenario reading needs to be forward-looking. In the last decade, Americans and Europeans have fought in the mountains of Afghanistan; Colombians and [ … ]

A Race Against Time: Deploying Vaccines and Addressing the Disproportionate Impacts of COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean
Chairman Sires, Ranking Member Green, distinguished members of the House Foreign Affairs Western Hemisphere Subcommittee, thank you for the opportunity to share my work with you today regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America and the Caribbean, and the importance of U.S. leadership in helping our neighbors [ … ]

Organized Crime, Drug Trafficking and Terrorism, between Military Operations and Judicial Operations
Summary The drug trafficking business has driven the strengthening of the criminal actors that make up the internal armed conflict in Colombia. For almost sixty years, the governments of the time have tried to develop public policies, strategies and programs to counteract the growth of territories with the presence of [ … ]

Dense Urban Environments: The Crucible of Multi-Domain Operations
This article was originally published in the Military Review magazine, English edition (January-February 2021). Multi-domain operations (MDO) and dense urban operations are two significant topics in contemporary Army research. While researchers have looked at these topics in isolation, very little research has been done to demonstrate the challenges and [ … ]

Leveraging Multi-Domain Military Deception to Expose the Enemy in 2035
This article was originally published in the Military Review magazine, English edition (March-April 2021) The operational problem facing the Army in the year 2035 will fundamentally differ from problems it has previously confronted. The legacy challenge for which the Army’s current platforms and doctrine are still optimized was a [ … ]

Combat in multiple domains and the wars of the next decades
Today's hybrid warfare encompasses the concept of combat in multiple domains. Some call this non-military warfare. The cyber aspect is one of them and can lead to the neutralization or degradation of many technical means of the enemy or opposing forces. As early as 1998, the United States and North [ … ]

The Middle East Cold War and International Terrorism
Summary Saudi Arabia and Iran have fueled the conflicts of their neighbors with the aim of achieving regional hegemony, thus positioning governments in their favor. States such as Yemen, Lebanon, Syria and Iraq have been affected by these typical cold war dynamics, in which the conflict is escalating every day [ … ]