Panama closed 2022 accomplishing a major feat in the fight against narcotrafficking with the seizure of 128.6 tons of drugs in different operations throughout the year, Panamanian President Laurentino Cortizo told the National Assembly in January. “Due to its geographic location Panama is easily connected to all ports in Europe, [ … ]
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Virtual Violence: Terrorists, Criminals and Malign States Use Cyberspace as A Battlefield to Destabilize Society
ISLAMIC MILITARY COUNTER TERRORISM COALITION The internet is globally decentralized, which allows for anonymity and contributes to its use as a platform for illegal activities, including property crimes and the promotion of violent extremism. Against such a backdrop of susceptibility — the exploitation of the internet by extremists and terrorists [ … ]
Borderland Battles, the Maduro Regime and the ELN’s Co-dependency
After almost two years of inter-guerrilla conflict between the National Liberation Army (ELN) and factions of the former Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), Colombia and Venezuela’s borderlands remain war-torn and an epicenter of the drug trade in the Americas. Inconsistencies in official data for Venezuela’s drug seizures in 2022, [ … ]
China’s Rampant Illegal Fishing Is Endangering the Environment and the Global Economy
If the term "illegal fishing" conjures images of small numbers of scattered vessels independently pirating the sea's resources, think again. The problem of Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing stems increasingly from state-supported deep water fishing fleets, including massive trawlers accompanied by sustainment vessels, freezer, and transport vessels. Operating continuously [ … ]
Peru Makes Headway in the Fight Against Wildlife Trafficking
Peru became the first country in South America to expressly recognize wildlife trafficking as part of a law against organized crime, said Oceana Peru, a branch of the international organization for ocean conservation. “The approval of the November [2022] initiative, which had been under discussion since 2018, is an important [ … ]
China’s Network of Ports Grows in Latin America
According to a late 2022 study by the U.S.-based national security and defense think tank Center for a Secure Free Society (SFS), the number of Chinese-owned or operated ports worldwide has increased considerably. China’s foothold in some 40 ports in Latin America from Peru to Mexico, combined with 11 satellite [ … ]
China Pressures Argentina to Build Naval Base
China is once again pressuring Argentina to build a naval base in Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego province, which would mean opening the door to Antarctica for Beijing. The military base would allow China to control the passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and monitor communications throughout the hemisphere, amounting [ … ]
China Expands Influence in Nicaragua
Since the Ortega-Murillo regime of Nicaragua broke its diplomatic ties with Taiwan, the bond of friendship between Nicaragua and the People’s Republic of China has grown stronger in a number of strategic areas. One example are the frequent meetings between high authorities of the two countries. On November 16, the [ … ]
Firearms Trafficking in the Caribbean: Haiti’s Unrest and the Neighbors Next Door
Firearms trafficking is one of the main drivers of the Caribbean’s soaring violence, with Haiti reaching a breaking point. The country not only currently faces a catastrophic humanitarian situation and gang-related violence, but also a firearms crisis created and fueled by transnational criminal organizations (TCOs) operating in and around Haiti [ … ]
Climate Change as a Regional Security Issue
Published in the Journal of the Americas, Volume 4, Third Edition 2022, the U.S. Air Force professional magazine. Introduction This paper analyzes the impacts of climate change on the roles and missions of the armed forces in Latin America and the Caribbean, and examines the range of missions generated [ … ]
Latin America’s Biodiversity Rapidly Plummeting
According to the World Wildlife Fund’s (WWF) Living Planet 2022 report, Latin America, one of the most biodiverse regions on the planet, lost 94 percent of its vertebrate groups in the last 50 years. The October assessment looked at nearly 32,000 populations of 5,230 species of amphibians, birds, mammals, fish, [ … ]
Ecuadorian Navy: Ready to Face New Maritime Challenges
Rear Admiral John Merlo León assumed command of the Ecuadorian Navy on August 21, 2022. Prior to his appointment, Rear Adm. Merlo was commander of Naval Operations and head of the First Naval Zone in Guayaquil. He was also a naval advisor to the Ministry of Defense, head of the [ … ]