“In the world of disinformation there are efforts to propagate and spread stories that are not of Colombian origin, and this is especially true in the context of the elections that are coming up, and our desire is to have a free and fair election, a Colombian election for Colombians,” [ … ]
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Venezuela: Understanding Political, External, and Criminal Actors in an Authoritarian State
The predictable triumph by Maduro loyalists in Venezuela’s rigged November 2021 elections was a symbolic nail in the coffin for the attempt by the de jure government of Juan Guaido to restore the more liberal type of democracy previously prevailing in the country. Venezuela now seems to ever more resemble [ … ]
How to approach the fight against terrorism in the 21st century: crime or act of war?
The human being throughout his existence has been witness and protagonist of the struggle between good and evil. History illustrates from different perspectives how man has evolved and has become a being of knowledge, ideals and interests. When these are not fulfilled or satisfied, different mechanisms are established to obtain [ … ]
9/11, Latin America, and the Impermanence of Strategic Concepts
On September 11, 2001, then US President George W. Bush had just completed a historic summit with his Mexican counterpart, Vicente Fox, the week prior. The interaction built on the “special friendship” between the two nations and the intertwined commercial, security, and other strategic interests binding the United States and [ … ]
Panama’s Maritime Business and The Evolving Strategic Landscape
Panama’s maritime business is being transformed by the complex interaction between multiple factors. These include the growing economic and political power of China and US-China competition, the long-term structural impacts of Covid on both the region and global trade, US policies to contain immigration from the Northern Triangle, climate change, [ … ]
Suriname’s Defense Force Strengthens the Role of Women
“It’s very important to share your story and encourage all other women and men in the world to think about the role you’re playing in your organization, family, and community.” These were the opening remarks of Surinamese Minister of Defense Krishna Mathoera, speaking at the first forum of senior leaders [ … ]
Whose Rights Are They, Anyway?
Modern international law came into existence at the end of the Thirty Years’ War in Europe.1 Horrified by the unprecedented destruction of a series of wars over religion, European negotiators at Westphalia coined the phrase “cuius regio, eius religio.”2 Literally translated, it means “whose realm, his religion.” It could be loosely translated [ … ]
Krishna Mathoera, Minister of Defense of Suriname: ‘Being a Woman Should Never Be an Obstacle to Be Successful or to Do the Extraordinary’
The U.S. Southern Command (SOUTHCOM), Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) Breaking Barriers podcast features in each episode guests from the Defense and Security forces of Latin America and the Caribbean. This platform shares powerful stories and valuable insights on gains being made to recognize women as equal partners in preventing [ … ]
Iran in Latin America: Malign Alliances, “Super Spreaders,” and Alternative Narratives
Executive Summary Iran’s ability to shape the information environment and spread the narrative of the United States as an imperialist force—perpetrating violence and instability in Latin America—has grown in recent years. These ongoing and multifaceted campaigns of disinformation and care- fully curated messages are coordinated with Russian and Venezuelan state [ … ]
The Reinforcing Activities of the ELN in Colombia and Venezuela
In the past five years, a confluence of events in Colombia and Venezuela have empowered the National Liberation Army (ELN) to become a far more dangerous and intractable threat to both countries, and the region. The reinforcing effects of the partial demobilization the rival Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC),1 [ … ]
China’s Diplomatic and Political Approach in Latin America and the Caribbean
Testimony before the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission Chairman Bartholomew, Commissioner Scissors, distinguished members of the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission, thank you for the opportunity to share my work and views with you today regarding China’s diplomatic and political approach in Latin America and the Caribbean. [ … ]
Cooperation and Coordination Operations with Agencies and War Operations Integrating doctrine
Since the end of the Cold War, changes in the context of what used to be called "war" have transformed military thinking around the world. The beginning of the 1990s, marked by the certainty that history was writing a new page in the evolution of humanity, brought to military science [ … ]